a Champagne, j levin, e hurley, j dowe, b lau, o anakwenze, m provencher, c klifto, j dickens, Service academy shoulder instability study group

Quantitative means of characterizing glenoid bone loss (GBL) remain a growing field of interest. Here, a 3D volumetric GBL estimation is compared against standard 2D methods for GBL computation to elucidate the effect of morphological differences in glenoid anatomy as a culprit for mis-estimating GBL. Twenty-two shoulder MRIs from healthy participants (19 ± 0.5 years) were segmented to isolate the glenoid. Anterior and posterior bone defects (5%–25%) were simulated according to established patterns of GBL in shoulder instability. Circle-of-best-fit and surface-based measurements of percent GBL were compared against the proposed 3D volumetric computation using Spearman correlations. Discrepancies in 2D measurements relative to 3D parameters were analyzed in the context of glenoid bony morphology derived from depth-based projection mapping. Very weak to moderate agreement was documented for both anterior and posterior defects. Direct comparison of 2D perfect-circle and surface-area methods against 3D measurements showed that 2D methods often over- or under-estimate percent GBL, which varies according to bone morphology. Greater variability in 3D volumetric GBL measurements was observed across all defects, suggesting greater morphological variability captured by the 3D-based computation. MRI-based volumetric analysis of 3D glenoid reconstruction may provide relevant insight for understanding the role of morphological differences in estimating critical bone loss toward improving clinical decision making for surgical management of shoulder instability.

Champagne A, Levin J, Hurley E, Dowe J, Lau B, Anakwenze O, Provencher M, Klifto C, Dickens J, The Service Academy Shoulder Instability Study Group. “Quantitative Underestimation of Two-Dimensional Anterior and Posterior Glenoid Bone Loss Measurements Varies According to Bone Morphology,” Journal of Orthopaedic Research® 43 (2025): 1924–1933. https://doi.org/10.1002/jor.70055.

Ong J, Godfrey R, Nazarian A, Tam J, Drake L, Isaacson B, Pasquina P, Williams D

Biofilm contamination is often present at the skin-implant interface of transfemoral osseointegrated implants leading to frequent infection, irritation, and discomfort. New biofilm management regimens are needed as the current standard of washing the site with soap and water is inadequate to manage infection rates. We have investigated the potential of antimicrobial blue light which has reduced risk of resistance development and broad antimicrobial mechanisms. Our lab has developed an aBL device uniquely designed for an ex vivo system based on an established ovine OI implant model with Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538 biofilms as initial inocula. Samples were irradiated with aBL or washed for three consecutive days after which they were quantified. Colony forming unit (CFU) counts were compared to a control group (bacterial inocula without treatment). After one day, aBL administered as a single 6 h dose or two 1 h doses spaced 6 h apart both reduced the CFU count by 1.63 log10 ± .02 CFU. Over three days of treatment, a positive aBL trend was observed with a maximum reduction of ~2.7 log10 CFU following 6 h of treatment, indicating a relation between multiple days of irradiation and greater CFU reductions. aBL was more effective at reducing the biofilm burden at the skin-implant interface compared to the wash group, demonstrating the potential of aBL as a biofilm management option.

Ong, J., Godfrey, R., Nazarian, A., Tam, J., Drake, L., Isaacson, B., Pasquina, P., & Williams, D. (2023). Antimicrobial Blue Light as a Biofilm Management Therapy at the Skin-Implant Interface in an Ex Vivo Percutaneous Osseointegrated Implant Model. Journal of Orthopaedic Research. https://doi.org/10.1002/jor.25535